Thesis presented June 17, 2016

Abstract:
In this PhD work we study the optical properties of anisotropic (Cd,Mn)Te magnetic quantum dots inserted in ZnTe nanowires. The quantum dots containing typically 10% of Mn spins are elongated along the nanowire axis which tend to stabilize a light hole ground state with a spin susceptibility perpendicular to the nanowire axis. The main goal was to study the formation of exciton Magnetic Polarons in such quantum dots and to determine their magnetic anisotropy.
We investigate first the optical properties of ZnTe and ZnTe/(Zn,Mg)Te core shell nanowires. We model the elastic strain profile in core-shell nanowires and in elongated quantum dots. From the strain profiles, we estimate the value of the light hole heavy hole splitting expected in the dot and in the nanowire.
In a second step we study single nanowires containing magnetic and non magnetic quantum dots by magneto-optical spectroscopy. The exchange interactions between confined carriers and Mn spins induce a large Zeeman shift of the exciton line (Giant Zeeman Effect). To extract quantitative parameters, we combine different experimental techniques (photo and cathodoluminescence, energy dispersive X ray spectroscopy) on the same nanowire. We use also different magnetic field orientations in order to determine the hole anisotropy in the dot. The experimental values are smaller than the theoretical ones suggesting a weak confinement of the holes in the dot due to a small (Cd,Mn)Te/ZnTe valence band offset.
In a third step we study nanowires containing (Cd,Mn)Te quantum dots surrounded by a (Zn,Mg)Te alloy. Thanks to the better hole confinement induced by the (Zn,Mg)Te alloy, the formation of exciton magnetic polarons can be observed. We perform time resolved photoluminescence studies on single nanowires in order to determine the energy and the formation time of magnetic polarons from 5K to 50K. The quantum dot emission line shows an unusual Zeeman shift, characteristic of a light hole magnetic polaron. We develop a theoretical model describing the formation of exciton magnetic polaron in quantum dots. We use this model, based on the free energy and valid for any temperature and magnetic field, to fit the whole set of experimental data. It allows us to determine the characteristic parameters of the light hole magnetic polarons (energy, orientation and magnitude of the magnetic moment, exchange volume, hole anisotropy).

Keywords:
Magnetic polaron in (Cd,Mn)Te quantum dot inserted in ZnTe nanowire

On-line thesis.